Bar Admissions:
- The Florida Bar, 1976
- United States Supreme Court, 1981
- Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, 1988
- Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals, 1976
- Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals, 1981
- United States District Court, Southern District of Florida, 1976
- United States District Court, Eastern District of Michigan, 1988
- United States District Court, Western District of Texas, 1999
Certifications:
- Board Certified Criminal Trial Lawyer, 1993-Present